Scalp cooling apparatus



Feb. 8, 1938. .2. v. WOOD ET AL SCALP COOLING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed March 16, 1936 swam M: ZEBULON V. W000 AND . GUILFORDEMELTON Feb.8, 1938-. v, WOOD ET AL 2,107,557

SCALP COOLING APPARATUS Filed March 16, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 GU/LFORD5. Mam-0N Feb. 8, 1938. z v, WOOD ET AL 2,107,557

' SCALP COOLING APPARATUS Filed March 16, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 SumoM10167 '1' /75 ZEBULONAVb Woon Gunman E5. Msurom gal/ am Stream;

Patented F ch. 8, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SCALP COOLINGAPPARATUS ford B. Melton Application March 16, 1936, Serial No. 69,159

2 Claims.

This invention relates to a hair curling apparatus and more especiallyto means for cooling the scalp while the curling apparatus is inoperation. In permanent waving of human hair, it is common practice toapply a number of clamps to selected portions of the hair, each clampbeing so constructed and applied as to subject the hair therein to theaction of a suitable solution. The heat when applied to the hair, forfixing the in waves therein, generates steam from the solution and thissteam very often makes its way down through the conventional clamp andpad to the scalp of the person undergoing the treatment resulting inmore or less serious scalp burns.

It is, therefore, an object of this invention. to

provide means for directing a flow of air onto portions of the scalpliable to be burned, for cooling the scalp at this, point.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a cooling device foroperation in conjunction with a permanent-wave machine comprising aresilient hollow pad having perforations in the lower side thereofadapted to direct a plurality of streams of air onto the scalp to coolthe same while the hair is being treated. This pad has an open endedslot which may be closed after the hair has been inserted therein and.also has holes adjacent the slot in, the pad inclined so as to directthe flow of air inwardly towards the central portion of the pad throughwhich the hair is drawn thereby intensifying the flow of air on theportions of the scalp which are most likely to be injured or burned bythe generated steam.

It is a further object of this invention to pro- Vide a cooling devicefor operation in conjunction with a permanent-waving machine comprisinga blower, a distributor head for receiving the air from said blower, aplurality of leads from said distributor head for supplying the air to apluralip ity of padsdisposed between the scalp and the heating elementsused in curling the hair, said pads having perforations therein, saidpads being adapted to rest upon the scalp of the personreceiving'the'permanent wave to direct air upon if) the persons head toprevent burns from the steam generated by the conventional hair wavingdevice.

Some of the objects of the invention having been stated, other objectswill appear as the de- 50 scription proceeds when taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, in which:

' Figure 1 is an elevation of a permanent waving machine showing theinvention applied thereto;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the upper portion ii of Figure 1 takenalong the line 2-2;

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view through one of the outlet valvesfrom the air distributor head shown in the upper left-hand portion ofFigure 1;

Figure 4 is an enlarged elevation of the inven- 5 tion shown inconjunction with the conventional hair waving device;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line 5-5 in Figure4;

Figure 6 is an isometric view of the perforated 1n pad for directing airon top of the scalp shown in an opened position;

Figure '7 is a sectional view taken along the line 7-? in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a bottom plan View of the perfo- 15 rated pad shown inclosed position;

Figure 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view through the pad similar tothe lower portion of Figure 5;

Figure 10 is an elevation showing a modified 20 form of the inventionshown in conjunction with another type of hair waving device;

Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view taken along line llll in Figure10;

Figure 12 is an isometric view of the perio- 25 rated pad shown in anopened position;

Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along the line I 3-| 3 in Figure 12;and

Figure 14 is a bottom plan view of the pad shown in closed position. 30

Referring more specifically to the drawings, the numeral l0 indicates asuitable base of a permanent-waving machine having mounted thereonstandard H which projects upwardly and has secured on the upper endthereof a frame I 2, said 25 frame having secured thereto an electricaldistributor head I3 and an air distributor head M. The distributor head13 receives its current through wire l5 which is connected to switch l6.From the other side of switch I 6 suitable wires ll lead to a plug I8which is inserted into a socket for obtaining the current necessary foroperating the machine.

A plurality of conventional cables 20 are suspended from distributorhead l3 and have the lower ends thereof connected to the upper portionof heating clamp 22. The cable 20 has wires therein for supplyingcurrent to heating elements 23- and 24 which elements are adapted to beclamped around a batch of hair 25 which is wound around a pin 26 andmoistened. When the hair is clamped in this position, namely, in theposition shown in Figures 4 and 5, the heat generated by the heatingelements 23 and 24 fixes members Gil a permanent wave in the hair soclamped and moistened.

Disposed between the batch of hair 25 and the head of the person whosehair is treated, is a conventional clamp 2'! and also a cooling pad 28.As heretofore stated, the solution placed upon the hair 26 will becomevery hot when the heating elements 23 and 24 are placed in operation. Asa result, steam is generated, and it frequently occurs that this steamwill find its way downwardly through the hair, which is also disposed inthe clamp 2'1, and burn the scalp, especially at a point directlybeneath the slots in clamp 21 and pad 23.

This has occurred when a heat insulating pad with slot has been usedwith no cooling means associated therewith.

The applicants have devised the pad 28 for directing air upon the scalpat the proper point so that this steam will be cooled, even if it findsits way downwardly to the scalp. Pad 28 takes the place of theconventional pad. This pad comprises a pair of members 29 and 30 pivotedas at 3 id and made of any suitable material such as a phenoliccomposition or come suitable rigid heat-resisting substance. Thesemembers are secured to the upper surface of hollow prongs 3| and 32respectively, by any suitable means such as having a suitable adhesivedisposed between the proximate surfaces of these members, or by havingthe members 3| and 32 vulcanized to the members 29 and 3|! in case themembers 3| and 32 are made of rubber. In addition to having the 29 and30 glued or vulcanized they are held in their proper position by meansof upwardly projecting inturned flange members 33 and 34 which areintegral with members 3| and 32.

The members 29 and 3i have a notch cut in one edge thereof, whereasmembers 30 and 32 have a notch cut in the edge'adjacent members 29 and3|, forming a slot 40 through which the hair is passed. In order tofacilitate the inser tion of the hair within this slot these membershave been made so that they are capable of being opened, as shown inFigure 6, and after the hair has been inserted, it can be clamped in theposition shown in Figures 5, 8 and 9. In order to insure that the partsof pad 28 will remain closed and in their proper relative position, aprojection 4| has been provided which is integral with member 30 and aslot 42 has been provided in the member 29 into which projection 4|tightly fits.

It will be noted by referring to Figure '7 that the rivet 3|a, aboutwhich members 29 and 30 pivot, does not extend entirely through the pad,but since the lower portion of the pad, comprising members 3| and 32, ismade of a suitable resilient material such as rubber, when the pad isopened the resilient material will be stretched at the point where theslot 40 ends and therefore allows pivoted movement of the lower portions3| and 32 about the point 3la. This stretching of the pad will also havea tendency to normally force the parts back to closed position, which isvery desirable. The portions 3| and 32 have hollow compartments 44 and45 into which the air is forced through a suitable opening 46. From theopenings 44 and 45 the air is forced downwardly onto the scalp throughperforations 41 and 4B, the perforations 4'! being inclined downwardlyand inwardly toward a point disposed directly below slot 40 in the padand the perforations 48 being disposed in a vertical position so as todirect the air directly downwardly. The purpose for providing theseinclined slots 41 is to concentrate the air at the point on the scalpdirectly below the slot 40 where the scalp is more likely to be burnedfrom steam generated by the hair curling apparatus disposed thereabove.Connected to the pad 28 as at 36, is a suitable tube 56 which leadsupwardly and is secured to a valve i, said valve 5| being secured in airdistributor is. This valve may be operated manually by turning the valvecook 52. (Figure'3.) While only one hair-curling device is shown in thedrawings associated with a cooling pad it is evident that there will bea coolins pad for each curling device, which in most instances range, innumber, from twenty upwardly.

In order to supply the air to the distributor l4 a pipe 55 has one endthereof secured thereto, which pipe has its other end secured to fan 56which is driven by a suitable motor 51. The motor 51 is preferably avariable speed type which may be regulated to determine the amount ofair which is supplied to the distributor M. The distributor i4 also hasa plug 59 therein to which a hose may be attached for cooling the scalpby 1 an apparatus which is operated independently of the hair curlingapparatus, or for performing other functions about the machine. Theconventional hair curling device and the applicants cooling device issuspended by a cord 60 which leads upwardly to the member l2 andrearwardly of the machine through a suitable eyelet in bar 6i, andthence downwardly, where it is secured to the upper end of a suitablecounterweight 62. This provides means for holding the ccolingand curlingdevices in an elevated position when not in use.

The thickness of the pad and associated parts as shown in Figures s and5 is exaggerated for sake of clearness, as it is evident that these padsin practice are much thinner than shown.

Figures to 14 inclusive show a slightly modified form of the inventionassociated with an-- other type of permanent wave device. This is avertical type of hair curlin apparatus which comprises a hollow memberhaving a conventional heating element 66, to which current is suppliedby means of suitable wires 61. A pin 68 has a bunch of hair 69 woundaroundthe lower portion thereof and when the hair is moistened it isinserted within the hollow member 85 in the position shown in Figure 11where the heating element will supply the heat for fixing the wave inthe hair. In this form it is evident that the steam generated as aresult of the liquid applied to the batch of hair 69 while being heatedby heating element 65, will cause the scalp to be burned especiallydirectly below the heating element when the conventional pad is used..

The conventional pad which fits directly upon the scalp has beendispensed with and a perforated cooling pad 'lll has been inserted lieuthereof. This pad comprises a pair of rigid members H and i2 pivoted asat 13 to each other. The members H and 72 are made of any suitablematerial as phenolic condensate. The lower surface of members H and :2(Figures 10, 11 and 12) are secured to the upper portion of hollowprongs l5 and Iii by any suitable means such as vulcan- I izing orapplying a suitable adhesive between the proximate surfaces thereof. Themembers and 16 are made of any suitable elastic'material such as rubberand have cavities 11 and 18 respectively therein into which a current ofair is introduced through inlet 19. When air enters these cavities it isdirected downwardly upon the scalp through orifices 80 and 8|, theorifices 8| being inclined inwardly towards the central portion of thepad 10 whereas, the orifices 80 are so positioned as to direct the airdirectly downwardly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pad. Thispad is similar in construction to the pad previously described and itwill be noted that the lower portion of the pad is not slit to the leftin Figure 13 to the pivot point '13, but since the lower portion isresilient, the material near the pivot point 13 will stretch and allowthe portions comprising members H, l2, l5 and '16 to be opened in themanner shown in Figure 12 about pivot 13. These members also have theirproximate surfaces in the central portion thereof cut out to form a hole83 through which the hair is drawn before it is wound around the pin 68and inserted into the device 65. In order to insure that the free endsof members H, 12, I5 and 16 will remain in the proper relative position,a projection 84 has been provided on the member 72 which is adapted tofit in a suitable cavity 85 cut in member II when the device is inclosed position as shown in Figure 14.

It is therefore, seen that this device may be inserted in lieu of thepads'and applied to the head of a person with ease since the members ll,12, I6 and 75 will pivot about the pivot point 73. The air is suppliedto the members 75 and 16 by means of the tube 50 which is inserted overthe stem having the inlet 19 therein. Also, if desired a suitable shield81 may be provided over the lower end of tube 50 to protect the tubingfrom the heat generated during the curling operation.

In the drawings and specification there has been set forth a preferredembodiment of the invention, and although specific terms are employed,they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only, a d not forpurposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth inthe appended claims.

We claim:

1. A head protecting shield for use in protecting the scalp in the artof permanent hair waving, said shield comprising a hollow resilient padhaving an open ended slot therein which is adapted to encircle a bunchof hair adjacent the scalp, the side of the pad disposed adjacent thescalp having a plurality of perforations adjacent the perimeter of saidslot with the longitudinal axes of said perforations forming an acuteangle with the longitudinal axis of said slot, and means for forcing airunder pressure through said perforations to cool the scalp, the side ofthe pad remote from the scalp having secured thereto a pair of rigidmembers pivoted to each other at the closed end of the pad and beingseparable from each other at the open end of said pad.

2. A head protecting shield for use in protecting the scalp in the artof permanent hair waving, said shield comprising a hollow resilient padhaving an open ended slot therein which is adapted to encircle a bunchof hair adjacent the scalp, the side of the pad disposed adjacent thescalp having a plurality of perforations adjacent the perimeter of saidslot with the longitudinal axes of said perforations forming an acuteangle with the longitudinal axis of said slot, the side of said padadjacent the scalp having a plurality of other perforations Whoselongitudinal axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of said slot andmeans for forcing air under pressure through said perforations to coolthe scalp, the side of the pad remote from the scalp having securedthereto a pair of rigid members pivoted to each other at the closed endof the pad and being separable from each other at the open end of saidpad.

ZEBULON V. WOOD. GUILFORD B. MELTON.

